Tumbler mechanism for locks.



No. 853,926. I I PATENTED MAY 14, 1907. I

. 'J. HOPE, JR. 'TUMBLER MECHANISM FOR LOCKS.

APPLIOATIONFILED OUT. 5, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

////7 I j v E13 Bf WiTN Ess ES I fiw 5 INVENTOR ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT oration.

JOHN HOPE, JR, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGN OR TO HOPE LOOK COMPANY, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND.

TUIVIBLER MECHANISM FOR LOCKS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

. Application filed October 5,1905. Serial No. 281,497.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HOPE, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Tumbler Mechanism for Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in the improved construction of the tumbler mechanism of a lock, whereby the several parts of the said mechanism may be included in a very small compass, and the unlocking movement of the latch bolt may be effected by a single forward movement of the key.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents the outer end view of a lock provided with my improved tumbler mechanism. Fig. 2 represents a side view of the same. Fig. 3 represents the inner end view. Fig. 4 represents an enlarged section taken through the outer case on the line 4 4, of Fig. 2, the tumbler mechanism being shown in elevation and at its outer position within the casing. Fig. 5 represents the same section as in Fig. 4, but showing the inserted key and the tumbler carrying spindle moved by means of the key to its inner position for withdrawing the latch bolt. Fig. 6 represents a trans verse section taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4,

showing the tumblers. Fig. 7 represents a transverse section taken in the line 7 7 of Fig. 4, showing a cross section of the outer case and the inwardly projecting locking studs. Fig. 8 represents a broken longrtudinal section of the outer casing showing the locking studs within the cavity of the casing. Fig. 9 represents an enlarged section taken through the outer casing, and showing the tumbler mechanism in side view with the tumbler carrying spindle at its outer position. Fig. 10 represents the same section showing the inserted key and the tumbler spindle forced forward to its inner position. Fig. 11 represents a top view of the tumbler carrying spindle. Fig. 12 represents a trans verse section taken on the line 12 12 of Fig. 11. Fig. 13 represents a side view of one of the segmental tumblers. Fig. 14 represents an edge view of the same. Fig. 15 represents a side view and Fig. 16 an end view showing a modification. Figf17 represents a longitudinal section of the outer case taken on the line 17 17, of Fig. 16, showing a top view of the tumbler mechanism. Fig. 18 represents the same view as in Fig. 17, with the addition of the inserted key. Fig. 19 represents a transverse section taken on the line 19 19, of Fig. 17. Fig. 20 represents a longitudinal section of the outer case taken on the line 20 20, of Fig. 16, showing the locking studs. Fig. 21 represents a transverse section-taken on the line 21 21, of Fig. 20. Fig. 22 represents a longitudinal section of the outer case as in Fig. 20, and showing the tumbler mechanism in elevation. Fig. 28 represents the same view as in Fig. 22, with the addition of the inserted key. Fig. 24 represents a side view of the key. Fig. 25 represents a transverse section taken on the line 25 25, of Fig. 24. Fig. 26 represents a top view of the sliding tumbler carrying spindle. Fig. 27 represents a transverse section taken on the line 27 27, of Fig. 26. Fig.28 represents a side view and Fig. 29 an edge view of one of the tumblers.

In the drawings, A represents the outer casing of a lock or latch, and B the sliding latch bolt which is actuated for engagement by means of the spring 0. The latch bolt B 'is provided with the diametrical slot opening 01, in which is placed the anti-friction roller 6, the periphery of which is engaged by the inclined face f of the head 9 of the sliding tumbler carrying spindle O. The cylindrical portion '5 of the casing A is provided interiorly with the'inwardly projecting locking studs j j j 7', between which are held the tumblers k k of the tumbler carrying spindle O, the said tumblers being each provided with a notch Z adapted to receive the adjacent stud 3', whenever the tumblers have been turned to the proper position by means of the insertion of the key D. The tumbler carrying spindle O is made cylindrical as shown in Fig. 12, and provided with the key-receiving longitudinal groove h, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, and the opposite longitudinal grooves m m, which are adapted to receive the inwardly projecting studs j of the outer casing. In constructing the said tumbler carrying spindle I have preferred to first cut out the eX- ternal circumferential grooves 77. n n, which are adapted to receive the several tumblers 7c 7c, for which the inserted bar 0 will form an end stop, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. The tumblers 1c 7c are each provided with the end socket p, adapted to receive one end of the spiralspring acfigby means of which the tumthe sides of the projecting studs blers 7c 7r, located at the opposite sides of the stop-bar 0, are actuated, as shown in Fig. 6. The movement of the tumbler carrying spindie 0, within the casing A, is limited by the screw stud Q in the tumbler carrying spindle and the longitudinal slot 1" in the casing.

When the key is withdrawn, as in Figs. 4 and 9, the ends of the tumblers 7c will rest against the stop bar 0, and in this case the notches Z Z of the tumblers will be out of line with the longitudinal grooves m m of the tumbler carrying spindle,-so that in this case the tumbler carrying spindle C cannot be pushed forward within the casing A, such forward movement being prevented by the engagement of the sides of the tumblers with But when the key has been inserted into the key hole 8, and into the key-receiving longitudinal groove h, which is located between the ends of the tumblers, the notches Z Z of the said tumblers will be brought in line with the grooves m m of the tumbler carrying spindle, so that the said spindle may then be pressed forward by means of the key, the narrowed end if of the key entering the guiding notch u, and the shoulders v t of the key striking against the shoulders to w of the tumbler carrying spindle, to force the said tumbler carrying spindle forward, as shown in Figs. 5 and 10, and movement will be transmitted from the tumbler carrying spindle C, to the bolt B, by means of the inclined face of the said spindle and the anti-fric tion roller e.

A modification of my invention is shown in Figs. 16 to 29, inclusive, in which the tumbler mechanism is adaptedfor the use of a key D provided with the lateral perforations 0, a the said key being shown in side view in Fig. 24, and in cross-section in Fig. 25. The perforations 0 of the key are preferably made of unequal width, whereby the bevel-pointed ends b of the tumblers 7t 7t, which may also be made of correspondingly unequal width, will be allowed to penetrate the openings (t to the required depth to cause the release of the said tumblers from the inwardly projecting studs j The spring 0 which serves to actuate the tumbler carrying spindle C is located between the shoulder d of the said tumbler carrying spindle, and the shoulder a of the outer case A, and a radial longitudinal groove f is made in the tumbler carrying spindle to receive the key. The transverse grooves 97, 12 at the opposite sides of the said longitudinal groove f and which serve to hold the tumblers 7c, are preferably staggeredly disposed, as shown in Fig. 26. A longitudinal groove g is also made in the outer case A, to receive the outer edge of the key, which edge projects beyond the periphery of the tumbler carrying spindle.

I claim as my invention 1. In a tumbler mechanism for locks, the

combination of the casing, a sliding tumblercarrying spindle held in the casing and provided with external circumlerential grooves, a spring actuated segmentally-l'ormed tumbler held in an external circmnl'erential groove of the tmnbler-carrving spindle, and a spring for holding the tumbler-cariwing spindle in its retracted position within the casing.

2. In a tumbler mechanism for locks, the combination of the casing, a sliding tumblercarrying spindle held in the *asing and provided with external eircum'lerential grooves, a pair of oppositely arranged segmenlnllvformed tumblers held in an external eireun1- ferential groove of the tumbler-carrying spindle, and a spring for holding the tumblercarrying-spindle in its retracted position within the casing.

3. In a tumbler mechanism for looks, the combination of the casing, a sliding tumblercarrying spindle held in the casing and provided with external cireuml'erential grooves, a pair of oppositely arranged SOQIHOHlRtll) formed tumblers held in an external circumferential groove of the tumbler-earrying spindle, a spring for holding the tumbler-cmrying spindle in its retracted position within the casing, and a groove located in the tumbler carrying spindle between the ends of the segmentally formed tumblers for receiving the key.

4. In a tumbler mechanism for looks, the combination of the casing provided with internal studs, asliding tumbler-carrying spindle held in the casing and provided with external circumferential grooves, a spring for holding the tumbler-carrying spindle at its retracted position, a segmentally-formed tumbler held in an external circumlerential groove of the tumbler-carrying spindle and provided with a notch adapted to receive one of the internal studs of the casing when the tumbler-carrying pindle is being pressed forward against the reverse action of the spring.

5. In a tumbler mechanism for locks, the combination of the casing, a sliding tumblercarrying spindle held in the casing and pro vided with external circumlerential grooves, a spring actuated segmentally-fern1ed tumbler held in an external circuml'erential groove of the tuinbler-carrying spindle, a spring for holding the s indle in its retraeted position within the -as1ng,a latch bolt, and operative connection between the tumblercarrying spindle and the latch bolt.

6. In a tumbler mechanism for locks, the combination of the casing provided with internal studs, and a spring-actuated sliding tumblercarrying spindle provided with external circumferential grooves, with a s pringactuated segmentally-form ed tumbler having a peripheral notch adapted for engagement. with an inwardly projecting stud of the casing.

7. In a tumbler mechanism for locks, the

combination of the casing provided with internal studs and the tumbler-carrying spindle provided with external circumferential grooves, a plurality of spring-actuated segmentally-formed tumblers, each having a peripheral notch for receiving the studs of the outer casing, and a spring for holding the tu1nbler-carrying spindle in its retracted position.

8. The combination of the casing provided with internal studs, a sliding tumbler-carrying spindle held in the casing and provided with external circumferential grooves, a spring for holding the tumbler-carrying spinle in its retracted position staggeredly disposed segmentally-formed tumblers held in the external circumferential grooves of the tumbler-carrying spindle and provided with notches for receiving the'studs of the casing, and with bevel-pointed ends.

9. The combination of the casing provided with internal studs, the sliding tumbler-carrying spindle held in the casing and provided with the external circumferential grooves, a spring for holding the tumbler-carrying spindle in its retracted osition, staggeredly disposed segmentally ormed tumblers held in the external circumferential grooves of the tumbler-carrying spindle and provided with notches for receiving the studs of the casing, and with the bevel-pointed ends adapted to enter the lateral erforations of the key, and the key provided with perforations adapted to receive the bevel-pointed ends of the tumblers, to cause the unlocking of the tumblercarrying spindle from the studs of the casing.

10. The combination of the casing provided with internal studs, the sliding tumblercarrying spindle held in the casing and provided with the external circumferential grooves, a spring for holding the tumblercarrying spindle in its retracted position,

staggeredly disposed segmentally-formed tumblers held in an external circumferential groove of the tumbler-carrying spindle and provided with notches for receiving the studs of the casing and with the bevel-pointed ends, said tumbler-carrying spindle being provided with a longitudinal groove between the bevel-pointed ends of the tumblers to receive a key.

JOHN HOPE, JR.

WVitnesses:

SOORATES SoHoLFIELD, JOHN S. LYNCH. 

